Scott de Martinville, Edouard-Leon

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89douard-L%C3%A9on_Scott_de_Martinville

Edouard-Leon Scott de Martinville invented the earliest known sound recording device, the phonautograph, which was patented in France on 25 March 1857 twenty years before Edison's phonograph. Scott's recordings were made as traces in soot on paper and he had no means of playing them back. Since 2008, using computer technology, some recordings have been read and replayed proving that he had been the first to record sound.